Ilex (IIlex aquifolium) is a species of shrub in the Aquifoliaceae family, native to southwestern Europe, northern Africa, and southwest Asia. It is specific to shady areas in deciduous forests, and can rarely grow as a third-growth tree. It is easily adaptable to different environmental conditions and is preferred for replanting. Ilex is planted for decorative purposes in parks and gardens and is appreciated for its persistent foliage. The leaves are oval or oval-elongated, stiff, green, glossy on the upper side, and dull green on the lower side. The leaf margins are toothed and spiny. Female plants produce small, spherical, red fruits, which are present on the plant in the cold season.