English Grain Aphid (Sitobion avenae) – pest management
Distribution. The English Grain Aphid is a pest widespread worldwide. It is one of the most damaging species for cereal crops.
Description. The aptery forms have a green-yellow body, 2-2.8 mm long, with black antennae and yellow legs. The winged forms have transparent and membranous wings, the head and thorax are reddish-brown, and the abdomen is green, decorated laterally with blackish spots.
Biology and ecology. The English grain aphid overwinters in the egg stage in cultivated or spontaneous grasses. In spring, the fundatrix form hatches from the winter egg, then the aptery or winged forms. From there, after several parthenogenetic and viviparous generations, towards autumn, the sexuparous forms appear, from which the sexed form’s result (males and females).
Damage. Species are known to be harmful to crops of oats, barley grass, wheat, rye, rice, or grasses of spontaneous flora. Aphid colonies can be found on young leaves, stems, or spikelets. They sting and suck the intracellular fluid. Following the attack, the plants no longer develop, and the attacked areas discolor and wither.
Control. To control the English grain aphids, treatments with specific insecticides must be performed.
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