Celery, information about crop management

celery-planting-growing-harvesting
celery-plant

Celery (Apium graveolens) is cultivated for its thick, fragrant, vitamin-rich roots, as well as for its leaves, which are eaten both fresh and prepared. Celery has therapeutic properties, being used to treat rheumatism, anemia, etc. This species is native to the Mediterranean area and is cultivated as a vegetable, aromatic and medicinal plant.

It is a biennial plant, in the first year it forms a tuberous root, and in the second year, the flowering stem appears, which can reach 100 cm in height. The leaves are vigorous, pinnately with lobes with large incisions, long petiolate, glossy, dark green. The inflorescences are compound umbels with small, white, hermaphrodite flowers and pollination is entomophilous.

Climate and soil requirements

Celery’s minimum germination temperature is 2℃ and the optimum temperature during the growing season is between 18 and 24℃. It is not a light-demanding species. On the other hand, celery has high water requirements, especially in the sprouting and root thickening phase, needing constant moisture in the soil and the air. It prefers light, deep, fertile soils with a neutral pH. Celery responds well to manure fertilization.

Cultivation

Crop rotation

Celery can be grown after tomatoes, cabbage, cauliflower, cucumbers, lettuce, spinach, peas, onions, and green garlic.

Soil preparation
soil-tillage

It starts in the fall, with the removal of the previous crops. Celery reacts well to organic fertilizers and for this reason, basic fertilization can be done with well-decomposed manure. The fertilizers can be incorporated into the soil, along with the plowing work. Before planting the seedlings, the land must be prepared by tilling.

The culture can be established by planting seedlings, celery seeds being small, with high requirements for environmental factors to germinate. Also, in the early stages of vegetation, the plants have a slow growth rate.

Planting

To obtain seedlings, celery seeds must be treated before sowing. It is recommended to use certified seeds.

celery-seedlings

The sowing work is done in hotbeds or on the germination bed, in heated greenhouses and polyhouses, at a distance of 6 cm between rows and 1-2 cm between plants, in a row. Sow from February in heated areas for planting in April and harvesting in summer. Crops intended for autumn harvest, i.e. for storage, can be sown in March and planted in May, depending on the length of the variety’s growing season. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of substrate and ensure constant humidity and temperatures of at least 16℃. At planting, the seedlings should be 50-60 days old.

Planting can be done at a 60-70 cm distance between rows and a 30 cm distance between plants, per row. 1-2 days before planting, a treatment with insecticide and systemic fungicide can be carried out. Planting can be done at the same depth so that the growing tip of the plant can not be covered. A few days after planting, the gaps can be filled with seedlings of the same age and variety.

Pest and disease control

It is done by applying treatments with approved fungicides or insecticides. To avoid the appearance of diseases or pests resistant to the action of pesticides, it is recommended to alternate products.

Weed control

It is made by hoeing, a work that also breaks the crust, to create the optimal growing conditions.

Care works

vegetable

Irrigation is a very important work for celery cultivation, drip irrigation system being the most recommended. Watering should be done regularly to maintain constant soil moisture (60-70%).

Fertilization can be carried out by drip irrigation using balanced fertilizers. For optimal development of the thickened part, ensure the supply of calcium and boron.

Recommended products

Read carefully and follow the instructions on the label of each product

Foliar fertilizers can also be applied depending on the needs of the plant and environmental conditions.

Recommended products

Read carefully and follow the instructions on the label of each product

To help plants overcome periods of stress, foliar and root fertilization can be carried out with specific products. Root products can be applied to improve soil structure and root absorption.

Harvesting

Harvesting for fresh consumption takes place in August-September. Harvesting for storage and winter consumption takes place in October-November. The operation is done by pulling the plants out of the ground without breaking the leaves. Celery roots are left for 1-2 days in the field to dry, then they are bundled, sorted, and stored.

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