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Bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus) – pest management
The bean weevil, Acanthoscelides obtectus, is a species widespread on all continents, found especially around large cities, causing damage to stored beans. The attack in the fields is currently limited.
Description. The adult has an elongated oval body, is 3.5-4 mm long, gray-reddish, with a blackhead. The egg is white, oval in shape, 0.6 mm long. The newborn larva is white. The pupa is white-yellow, 3.7-4 mm long.
Life cycle. The bean weevil can produce 2-4 generations per year, of which one in the field and the rest in warehouses. It overwinters as an adult exclusively in warehouses, in beans, or in cracks in walls, ceilings, and floors. Overwintering adults migrate to crops in late June-early July, up to 3 km away. After mating, the females gnaw the suture line of the developed pods, creating a deep hole, through which they insert the tip of the abdomen and lay the eggs, sticking them to the carpel walls.
When harvesting beans, larvae of different ages or pupae can be found inside. The first generation of adults appears in the storage spaces, where the females lay eggs on the stored beans, on the walls of the boxes, or on the packaging. After an incubation of 10-15 days, the newborn larvae gnaw holes in the beans, penetrating them and feeding on them for 15-45 days (depending on the temperature), then they pupate, the adults appearing, thus, by the end of the year. In warm warehouses, 1-2 generations can develop until June.
Crop damage. The larvae are the ones that produce most of the damage, by feeding on the beans. Depending on the size of the beans, 1-28 larvae can develop inside.
Pest management. It is recommended to harvest the beans on time, without any losses, which can be a source of infection for the next year. After that, the land has to be plowed, burying the beans and the remains left after harvesting. The beans must be stored only in spaces where disinfection works were performed. Specific insecticides should be used to treat the beans stored in warehouses.
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