Common cocklebur – information and weed control
Published on: February 1, 2022 Modified on: 27 April 2024
Xanthium strumarium (Common cocklebur) is an annual weed, growing in heavy soils, rich in nutrients, in areas with hot summers. The weed poses a problem in meadows because the young plants are toxic to cattle, horses, and pigs, and the fruit clings easily to the fur of animals, especially sheep (being propagated in this way) and it creates problems in wool processing, depreciating its quality.
The stem is branched, with hairs (but without thorns), with heights between 15 and 120 cm.
The cotyledons can reach a length of 5 cm, thin at both ends, with a sharp tip.
The true leaves are palmate, with many short hairs on the underside.
The male flowers are spherical, green, located at the end of the shoots, while the female ones are solitary or placed in the axil of the leaf after fertilization having the shape of a hedgehog. They are between 8 and 20 mm in size, oval in shape.
The germination season is in spring. The germination depth is 0.5-1 cm.
The common cocklebur flowering period is late summer-autumn.
It is recommended to use approved herbicides to control it, depending on the crop.
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