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Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora beticola) – identify and control
Cercospora leaf spot, Cercospora beticola is the most common disease in sugar beet crops. It is encountered every year and can cause damage of up to 50% of production in years with favorable conditions.
Symptoms – Cercospora leaf spot
The disease affects the leaves. On their surface appear more or less circular spots, well outlined, 1-5 mm in diameter, yellow in the beginning, then turning grey. The stains’ edges have a dark brown, brown-red, or even blackish halo. At the beginning of the attack, the spots are isolated, but later on, might join.
In wet weather, a fine greyish fuzz appears on the spot. This represents the asexual part of the fungus, i.e. conidiophores with conidia. Frequently, the affected leaf tissues become necrotic, dry, and sometimes fall off, leaving the leaf pitted (perforated). In case of an intense attack, leaves turn yellow and dry out prematurely. This has a negative effect on the amount of sugar that accumulates in the roots. The petioles show spots of the same color, but are more elongated.
The disease can be seen in seed crops too, having characteristic stains on the leaves, and brown elongated stains on the stems. As a result of this attack, the seeds dry out or form small, deformed, often dry glomerules.
The pathogen is Cercospora beticola. It spreads from one year to another even during the vegetation period through conidia, which preserves its infesting capacity for up to 20 months.
Prevention and control. It is recommended to cultivate resistant varieties, follow a crop rotation system, use healthy seeds, and gather and destroy the attacked leaves in order to reduce the source of infestation. During the vegetation period, treatments with specific fungicides are recommended.
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