Bamboo, planting guide and care work
Published on: March 15, 2022 Modified on: 26 April 2024
Bamboo is part of the Poaceae family, genus Bamboo, and it is a tree plant, being also known as the “iron bamboo”. The subfamily Bambusoideae includes species of woody and herbaceous bamboos, including 1570 species in 111 different genera.
Bamboos grow in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America, extending to the north or south of the United States or central China. They also grow in northern Australia.
The stem is woody, without fast-growing branches, the height can reach up to 35 m and the leaves are lanceolate, petiolate.
The majority of bamboos grow in moist, well-drained soils. They can be cultivated in most soil types, but some grow better in acidic ones. Still, you should avoid planting them in wet, swampy or dry conditions.
Bamboo genera and species
Sasa
A genus of the Bamboo subfamily, it includes about 70 species from Central Asia. The plants from this genus form dense thickets. The most important species of this genus is Kuril saza, which grows slowly, blooms only once, after which its vegetative growth period ends.
Phyllostachys
A kind of bamboo with medium heights, they grow best in sunny places, but they also survive in areas with partial shade and grow very well in spring. The most important species of this genus are Phyllostachys aureosulcata, nigra and edulis.
Pleioblastus
It is a genus of low-growing bamboo, native to China and Japan. Most do not exceed half a meter in height, and are resistant to frost and tolerate shaded areas.
Environmental conditions
Light
Bamboo grows harmoniously if its exposure to sun lasts 5, 6 hours a day. These species can also grow if placed in shaded areas.
Soil
These species prefer drained soils, without any puddles. They like soils with a neutral to slightly acidic pH. They grow very well in loose soils, rich in nutrients and highly permeable.
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Temperature
Bamboo varieties can withstand up to -25 °C, but the optimum temperature for a harmonious development of bamboos is 22 °C.
Care
Irrigation
Bamboo grows the most during spring, being the most active vegetative growth period of this species. Irrigation should begin in late winter or early spring, and it should be done weekly and continued throughout the summer months.
Fertilization
Plants need nutrients in spring when the vegetative growth period is most active. That is why it is recommended to use fertilizers that contain nutrients beneficial to the development and growth of plants.
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Planting
Planting can be done in autumn, but it is advisable for it to take place in spring, when the soil is not frozen. After that, the seedlings need to be watered regularly, so that the soil remains damp, but avoiding at the same time too much humidity at the roots level. For propagation, are used healthy shoots, which have at least one node (where the roots are formed).
Diseases and pests
Bamboo plants are attacked by pests and diseases that can affect the health and appearance of the plant. The specific pests of bamboo are aphids, wooly apple aphids and mites. They can be controlled with insecticides specific to each pest. Root rot, rust and sooty mold (occurs as a result of aphid attacks) can affect the bamboo plants as well.
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