Araucaria, plant care and growing guide
Araucaria heterophylla (or A. Excelsa), known as Norfolk Island pine or Star pine, is a plant native to the Norfolk islands in the southwest of the Pacific Ocean. It is usually used as a houseplant, and it is kept in pots. It is a coniferous tree, with a pyramidal crown and symmetrical branches, placed horizontally, which gives it a slender appearance. The leaves are light green, in the form of needles that do not sting and are 1.5 cm long. In pots, it does not produce cones.
Environmental conditions
Light. In its native area, Araucaria benefits from sunlight for most of the day, so it is recommended to place it in a bright room, but away from direct sunlight.
Temperature. It grows in moderate temperatures, up to 25° C in summer. In winter, the temperature should not drop below 10° C.
Humidity. Araucaria plants do not tolerate dry air, so it is not advisable to place them near heaters. It is recommended to spray the leaves with non-calcareous water every two days.
Substrate. Araucaria prefers a light, aerated substrate that allows water and air circulation. It must have a low acidic pH and it can be mixed with sand to improve drainage.
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Watering
For a harmonious growth, the substrate must not be kept wet, but neither very dry. It is advisable to keep it always moist. Watering is usually done twice a week, during the warm seasons. In winter it should be watered only when necessary when the substrate is dry on the surface (first 3 cm).
Fertilization
Apply a specific fertilizer, from March to September. If the selected fertilizer has a large quantity of nitrogen, this will cause irregular plant growth. During winter it should not be fertilized.
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Repotting
It is done once every 2 years, when the pot becomes too small, between February and March. In the case of very young plants, the stem must be braced with a stick.
Propagation
Generally, propagation is done through seeds. In some countries, where this type of tree does not grow naturally, it rarely forms seed cones. As a result, they must be purchased from specialized stores. It can also be propagated through cuttings, but only by professionals.
Diseases and pests
It has a low risk of disease. It can be affected by root rot if watered very often.
Sometimes, in conditions of high temperatures and dry air, mites, scale bugs, or aphids can infest the plant.
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In addition:
- keeping the plant in sunlight between 10 am and 5 pm can cause foliage discoloration.